Process and Providence: The Evolution Question at Princeton, 1845-1929

Charles Hodge, James McCosh, B. B. Warfield -- these leading professors at Princeton College and Seminary in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are famous for their orthodox Protestant positions on the doctrine of evolution. In this book Bradley Gundlach explores the surprisingly positive embrace of developmental views by the whole community of thinkers at old Princeton, showing how they embraced the development not only of the cosmos and life-forms but also of Scripture and the history of doctrine, even as they defended their historic Christian creed. Review Mark A. Noll -- University of Notre Dame "Bradley Gundlach has written the best kind of history -- deeply researched, beautifully written, carefully thought through. He rehearses how scholars at Princeton Seminary and Princeton University dealt with the evolution question(s) -- with balance, learning, nuance, perception, and theological depth -- the very qualities that mark this book. One can only hope that this fine historical study will encourage those in our day who continue to wrestle with the evolution question(s)."David Livingstone -- Queen's University Belfast "In a pioneering analysis Gundlach locates the story of evolution at Princeton in the wider context of the Princetonians' robust confidence in what he calls providential developmentalism. In so doing he opens up a rich vein of interpretation which exposes the superficiality of popular perception and partisan presumption alike. A splendid performance."Ronald L. Numbers -- University of Wisconsin "For nearly a century Princeton, New Jersey -- home to a distinguished Presbyterian college and seminary -- was the epicenter of American debates over Darwinism and its various meanings. In this intellectually engaging account Bradley Gundlach explains the surprisingly diverse range of views struggling for survival in that Calvinist environment. There is no better introduction to the subject."Karl Giberson -- author ofSaving Darwin: How to Be a Christian and Believe in Evolution "In the decades leading up to the creation-evolution sideshow of the Scopes Trial, a far more sophisticated and important conversation about Darwin's theory occurred at Princeton University. Conservative, inerrantist, and solidly orthodox Princeton theologians responded thoughtfully and often constructively to evolution. Bradley Gundlach's Process and Providence brings this important conversation to life in a sure-footed, well-researched, and engaging narrative. I highly recommend this book for its important contribution to understanding the American response to Darwin."John Fea -- author ofWas America Founded as a Christian Nation? "Writing with the meticulous care of a historian and with a profound knowledge of his subject drawn from years in the archives, Bradley Gundlach has produced a book that will cause us to rethink much of what we know about the relationship between evolution and evangelicalism in American life."Perspectives on Science & Christian Faith ?Process and Providence excels at elaborating the underlying issues of each time period as well as introducing the individuals who were important contributors to the discussion. These nuances help the reader understand the significance of the discussions that took place as Princeton sought to deal with evolution in a thoughtful, welcoming, but theologically critical manner. . . . Gundlach reminds us that we can stand on the shoulders of a cloud of witnesses who did not sacrifice their belief in God?s providence in order to accept the possibility of natural processes.?  Presbyterian History ?The thoughtfulness and careful critique the Princetonians exercised in reflecting on evolution is a helpful model for present-day Christian thinkers responding to contemporary scientific theories and discoveries. This book is not a light read, but those seeking to think about how to respond theologically to science will